In rural or remote areas, wastewater treatment faces challenges due to a lack of infrastructure and specialized operation and maintenance personnel. Local authorities are primarily concerned with the question, "Is there a wastewater treatment solution that is simple to operate and maintain, and low-cost?" Reliability, low maintenance costs, and ease of management are key considerations.
A process suitable for rural areas must be stable and resistant to shock loads. In the primary sedimentation stage, inclined plate sedimentation tanks are relatively simple in structure, less prone to clogging, and offer high sedimentation efficiency, reducing cleaning frequency. However, for rural domestic wastewater, enhanced biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal is key. Integrated treatment equipment offers significant advantages here. Integrated treatment equipment designed specifically for rural areas often utilizes proven biofilm processes (such as MBBR), where microorganisms adhere and grow, resulting in a more stable system that can withstand fluctuations in influent quality.
Although commonly used in the industrial sector, dissolved air flotation (DAF) can be overly complex for standard rural wastewater. However, for villages with special discharge requirements or those dealing with mixed aquaculture wastewater treatment, DAF can serve as an effective advanced treatment measure to further remove phosphorus and suspended solids. In general, for the rural market, modular and intelligent integrated processing equipment is the mainstream direction. It can realize remote monitoring and early warning, greatly reducing the difficulty and professional requirements of daily maintenance.
